Spectrum Analysis Techniques: Essential Statistical Methods for Studying Periodic Phenomena
Spectrum analysis techniques serve as the most commonly employed statistical method for investigating periodic phenomena. This approach primarily involves performing data transformations on complex wave systems to decompose them into simple harmonic waves with varying amplitudes and phases, thereby identifying the wave with the maximum amplitude—the dominant frequency of the composite wave. Among various spectrum analysis methods, the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm stands out as the most widely used computational technique due to its efficiency in frequency domain conversion.