Wireless Sensor Networks Node Localization with Enhanced DV-Hop Algorithm

This document provides an in-depth discussion of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and node localization techniques. We present an enhanced version of the DV-Hop algorithm designed to improve localization accuracy and computational efficiency. Wireless sensor networks consist of numerous distributed nodes that communicate wirelessly to collect and transmit data for various applications. Node localization represents a critical task in WSNs, enabling precise determination of node positions for accurate data collection and environmental monitoring.

The DV-Hop algorithm, a popular range-free localization method, operates in three phases: distance estimation through hop counts, distance refinement using average hop distances, and position calculation via multilateration. Our improvements address inherent limitations in standard DV-Hop implementations, including enhanced anchor node selection strategies, refined distance calculation methods using weighted averaging techniques, and optimized position estimation through iterative refinement algorithms. Key implementation aspects involve dynamic threshold adjustments for neighbor discovery and matrix-based calculations for coordinate determination.

Through these algorithmic enhancements, we achieve significant improvements in localization accuracy and robustness, making wireless sensor networks more adaptable to diverse application requirements and environmental challenges across various domains.