MATLAB Code for Antenna Array Beamforming (Circular Array)

Below is a MATLAB code example demonstrating beamforming for a circular antenna array: The code begins by defining fundamental parameters including the number of antenna elements and the radius of the circular array configuration. The algorithm calculates beamforming weights across a specified angular range using phase shifting techniques. MATLAB implementation: antenna_num = 8; % Number of antenna elements in the circular array radius = 1; % Radius of the circular array configuration theta_min = -pi; % Minimum angle for beam scanning range theta_max = pi; % Maximum angle for beam scanning range delta_theta = (theta_max - theta_min) / antenna_num; % Angular step size calculation weights = zeros(antenna_num, 1); % Initialize beamforming weight vector The core algorithm computes complex weights for each antenna element based on their spatial positions: for i = 1:antenna_num theta = theta_min + (i-1) * delta_theta; % Current azimuth angle weights(i) = exp(1j * 2 * pi * radius * sin(theta)); % Phase weight calculation using complex exponential end Key mathematical operation: The exp(1j*2*pi*radius*sin(theta)) function generates phase shifts that enable beam steering by compensating for wave propagation delays between antenna elements. disp(weights); % Display computed beamforming weights This basic implementation demonstrates fundamental circular array beamforming principles. The code can be extended to include additional features such as adaptive beamforming, interference cancellation, and pattern optimization techniques for practical applications.