Firefly Algorithm for Time Synchronization in Wireless Sensor Networks

This document presents a distributed synchronization algorithm based on the M&S model, known as the Firefly Algorithm for Time Synchronization in Wireless Sensor Networks. The algorithm addresses the critical challenge of time synchronization among nodes in wireless sensor networks. By adopting the firefly algorithm concept, which mimics the synchronization behavior of fireflies through pulse-coupled oscillators, we achieve distributed synchronization across network nodes, thereby enhancing overall network performance and efficiency. The implementation typically involves nodes adjusting their internal clocks based on received pulses from neighboring nodes, creating a self-organizing synchronization pattern. Key algorithmic components include phase adjustment functions and pulse emission protocols that ensure convergence to a global time reference. The algorithm's application prospects are extensive, making it suitable for various wireless sensor network deployments where precise timing coordination is essential for data fusion, event detection, and coordinated sleeping schedules.