Beamforming Code Implementation for Uniform Circular Arrays in Signal Processing

In array signal processing, uniform circular arrays (UCAs) are commonly employed for beamforming applications. Beamforming represents a signal processing technique that achieves directional signal transmission and reception through appropriate signal weighting and phase control. A uniform circular array constitutes a specialized array configuration composed of sensors arranged at equal intervals, typically forming circular or ring-shaped patterns. The key implementation involves calculating steering vectors that incorporate phase delays based on sensor positions and target directions. Through proper processing of sensor signals within the UCA, signal enhancement in specific directions can be achieved, thereby improving system performance and reliability. The core algorithm typically involves: 1) Geometry-based phase delay computation using trigonometric functions, 2) Weight vector optimization through techniques like minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR), and 3) Real-time beam steering using complex weight adjustments. Therefore, developing efficient beamforming code for uniform circular arrays represents a crucial task in array signal processing, requiring careful consideration of array geometry, signal frequency, and computational efficiency.