STBC (Space-Time Block Coding) Encoding and Decoding Methods

This document explores the encoding and decoding methodologies using STBC (Space-Time Block Coding). The technique is designed for wireless communication systems equipped with two transmit antennas and either one or two receive antennas. STBC implementation typically involves orthogonal code matrix design for transmission diversity, where the Alamouti code serves as a fundamental scheme for 2x1 and 2x2 antenna configurations. Through STBC, significant improvements in wireless communication reliability and performance are achieved by combating channel fading and interference. The decoding process employs maximum-likelihood detection algorithms that leverage channel state information to reconstruct transmitted symbols. Key implementation aspects include complex symbol mapping, orthogonal matrix generation, and combining techniques at the receiver. By employing STBC, systems gain enhanced error correction capabilities and improved data transmission quality, making it a vital practical technology widely adopted in modern wireless communication standards like 4G LTE and 5G NR.