MATLAB Implementation of Arithmetic Coding with Compression and Decompression

This document presents a MATLAB implementation of arithmetic coding, an efficient technique for data compression and decompression. Arithmetic coding is a lossless compression algorithm that converts input data sequences into real numbers between 0 and 1, achieving higher compression ratios compared to traditional methods. The implementation involves creating probability models for input symbols, recursively narrowing intervals based on symbol occurrences, and generating compact binary representations. For decompression, the algorithm reverses this process by reconstructing the original sequence from the compressed real number through iterative probability comparisons. Key MATLAB functions involved include probability distribution calculations using histcounts(), interval scaling operations, and binary conversion routines. This technique significantly reduces data storage requirements while enabling perfect reconstruction of original data, making it valuable for applications in wireless communications, image processing, and text processing where efficient data handling is crucial.