LSB Watermark Embedding Algorithm

This text provides a detailed explanation of the LSB (Least Significant Bit) watermark embedding algorithm, which operates by modifying bit planes to embed watermarks, and the corresponding watermark recovery process. The LSB algorithm is a widely used digital watermarking technique that embeds watermark information into the least significant bits of pixel values, serving to protect and authenticate digital images. Specifically, the algorithm modifies the LSBs of pixels to encode watermark data, with minimal impact on the visual perception of the image. In practical implementation, developers can select different bit planes for embedding to balance between watermark capacity and image quality. The watermark extraction process involves retrieving the embedded information from the image pixels and reconstructing the original watermark using predetermined decryption algorithms. From a coding perspective, this typically involves bitwise operations to isolate specific bit planes, array manipulation for handling image matrices, and logical operations for embedding/extracting binary watermark data. Through this comprehensive process, the LSB algorithm enables effective watermark embedding and recovery, thereby ensuring image integrity and verifying source authenticity.