Eliminating Boundary Effects in EMD Decomposition Using Symmetric Extension

In Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), we employ symmetric boundary extension to eliminate boundary effects. Symmetric extension is a signal boundary processing technique that effectively resolves data incompleteness at signal edges. By extending the signal boundaries through mirroring, we can achieve more accurate analysis and better understanding of signal characteristics. This method can be implemented computationally by creating mirrored copies of the signal endpoints. For example, one common approach involves: - Extending the left boundary by mirroring the initial segment: extended_left = fliplr(signal(1:window_size)) - Extending the right boundary similarly: extended_right = fliplr(signal(end-window_size+1:end)) - Concatenating the extended segments with the original signal The symmetric extension technique is applicable to various scenarios including signal processing, vibration analysis, and biomedical signal applications. This implementation approach provides valuable reference for handling boundary issues in adaptive signal decomposition algorithms, offering practical learning opportunities for researchers and engineers working with non-stationary signal analysis.