Analyzing Frequency Domain Characteristics of 2D Signals with MATLAB

In this article, we explore how to use MATLAB to analyze the frequency domain characteristics of 2D signals, with particular focus on phase and amplitude distortion. Analyzing signals in the frequency domain helps us better understand signal characteristics and behavior, providing deeper insights for signal processing and communication system design. We will introduce common frequency domain analysis methods such as Fourier transforms and power spectral density estimation, with practical implementation approaches in MATLAB. The implementation typically involves using functions like fft2 for 2D Fast Fourier Transform, fftshift for frequency component rearrangement, and angle/abs functions for phase/amplitude extraction. We will demonstrate how to apply these methods to 2D signal analysis through code examples showing proper frequency axis scaling and visualization techniques using mesh or surf plots. Through this article, you will gain better understanding and application of frequency domain analysis methods, providing more possibilities and choices for your research and work.