Signal Spectrum Analysis Using FFT

This section provides detailed implementation routines for digital signal processing in MATLAB. First, we explore using FFT for signal spectrum analysis, a fundamental approach involving the fft() function to compute discrete Fourier transforms and visualize frequency components through proper scaling and plotting techniques. Next, we introduce FIR filter design using window functions, covering design principles and implementation steps. This includes selecting appropriate window functions (e.g., Hamming, Hanning) with MATLAB's fir1() function, specifying filter order and cutoff frequencies, and analyzing frequency response using freqz(). Furthermore, we discuss IIR filter implementation methods and application scenarios, demonstrating practical implementations using functions like butter() or cheby1() for designing Butterworth/Chebyshev filters, followed by implementation with filter() function for real-time signal processing. Through these detailed discussions, readers will gain comprehensive understanding and mastery of digital signal processing implementation techniques in MATLAB, including key algorithmic approaches and function usage for practical applications.