MATLAB Simulation of First-Order Sea Clutter Bragg Peaks

MATLAB simulation of first-order sea clutter Bragg peaks is commonly used to model electromagnetic scattering phenomena generated during radar detection of ocean surfaces. Bragg peaks are specific frequency echoes produced by small-scale ocean surface ripples that satisfy Bragg resonance conditions, appearing as symmetric peak features in radar Doppler spectra.

The implementation approach primarily involves three steps: First, establish a micro-scale ocean wave model and calculate the wavelength matching relationship between ripples and radar waves using Bragg resonance formulas. Second, compute the backscattering coefficient through electromagnetic scattering models. Finally, use MATLAB's time-frequency analysis tools (such as FFT) to generate Doppler spectra containing Bragg peaks. Key functions include fft() for spectrum generation and electromagnetic scattering calculation algorithms based on surface roughness parameters.

Important simulation parameters require careful configuration: radar operating frequency (directly affecting Bragg ripple wavelength), incidence angle (typically 20°-70°), and sea state parameters (where wind speed determines ripple amplitude). Typical output results display two symmetric Bragg peaks whose frequency offsets are proportional to surface current velocity. Parameter tuning can be implemented through MATLAB's input() function or script variables.

Potential extensions include incorporating second-order scattering effects, modeling non-uniform current influences, or validating results with SAR imagery. Such simulations are valuable for understanding ocean remote sensing mechanisms and radar signal processing techniques, with potential code enhancements using MATLAB's Signal Processing Toolbox and Radar Toolbox functions.