33-Node Distribution Network Power Flow Calculation

Power flow calculation for 33-node distribution networks represents a classic problem in power system analysis, primarily used to evaluate voltage distribution and power flow in radial distribution networks. The forward-backward sweep method has become the preferred approach for such calculations due to its simplicity and reliable convergence characteristics.

Core Algorithm Implementation The forward-backward sweep method employs a two-step iterative strategy: Forward Sweep Phase: Starting from end nodes toward the root node (substation), branch currents are calculated layer by layer using only line impedance and nodal load data. In code implementation, this typically involves iterating through network branches while accumulating current values. Backward Sweep Phase: Beginning from the root node, nodal voltages are updated progressively using results from the forward sweep, completing one full iteration cycle. This phase requires voltage calculations using branch currents and impedance parameters.

33-Node Model Characteristics The model typically features a single-source radial structure with clear branch hierarchy. The forward-backward sweep method naturally adapts to this topology, offering linear computational complexity (O(n)) that efficiently handles 33-node scale problems. Notably, it eliminates the need for Jacobian matrix operations, significantly reducing memory requirements in program implementation.

Convergence Advantages The method controls iteration termination through voltage magnitude error thresholds. For 33-node systems, convergence is typically achieved within 3-5 iterations. This approach proves particularly suitable for distribution networks with high R/X impedance ratios, where Newton's method might fail due to ill-conditioned matrices. In practical applications, convergence speed can be further optimized by incorporating relaxation factors in the voltage update calculations.