Two-Dimensional Square Cylinder FDTD Scattering Simulation

This program implements a two-dimensional Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) scattering simulation for a square cylinder structure. The simulation employs TM (Transverse Magnetic) mode incident wave excitation and treats the square cylinder as infinitely long in the third dimension, effectively reducing the problem to two dimensions for computational efficiency. The core algorithm utilizes Yee's grid discretization scheme with perfectly matched layer (PML) boundary conditions to minimize numerical reflections. Key computational components include: - Field update equations for Ez, Hx, and Hy components in TM mode implementation - Scattering parameter calculations for reflection coefficients, transmission coefficients, and scattering cross-sections - Material property integration allowing analysis of electromagnetic parameters (permittivity, permeability) on scattering characteristics The program structure features modular components for wave source implementation (Gaussian or sinusoidal pulses), material assignment routines, and post-processing modules for extracting quantitative scattering metrics. This implementation enables detailed investigation of electromagnetic scattering phenomena around square cylinder structures, providing insights into wave-structure interactions and parameter dependencies. Through systematic parameter variation and field visualization capabilities, the simulation aids in understanding how geometric dimensions and material properties influence scattering behavior, making it valuable for antenna design, radar cross-section analysis, and electromagnetic compatibility studies.