Line Detection Using Hough Transform Algorithm

This article introduces how to detect straight lines in images using the Hough transform technique. The Hough transform is a fundamental image processing algorithm that converts geometric shapes from image space into parameter space, enabling more precise analysis and processing of these shapes. We will provide a detailed explanation of the mathematical principles behind Hough transform and demonstrate its practical implementation through code examples. The implementation typically involves edge detection preprocessing using operators like Canny, followed by parameter space accumulation where each edge point votes for possible line parameters (ρ, θ). Key functions include computing the Hough accumulator array and applying peak detection to identify significant lines. Through concrete examples, we will showcase how to apply Hough transform for line detection in various scenarios. Additionally, we will discuss practical applications of this technique in computer vision systems and address its limitations, such as computational complexity and parameter sensitivity, to give readers a comprehensive understanding of this important image analysis method.