Maximum Likelihood Alternating Projection Iterative Method for Signal DoA Estimation

In the field of signal processing, the Maximum Likelihood Alternating Projection iterative method is commonly employed to determine signal Direction-of-Arrival (DoA) and enhance signal reception quality. This algorithm iteratively projects signal data onto both the signal subspace and parameter space, maximizing the likelihood function through alternating optimization. Typical implementation involves initializing DoA estimates, then iterating between projection steps until convergence criteria are met. The method can be implemented using array signal processing functions such as calculating covariance matrices and eigenvalue decomposition. This approach delivers precise estimation values and accurate signal localization, making it widely applicable in practical scenarios like radar systems, wireless communications, and acoustic source tracking. Code implementation typically requires optimization of projection operations and convergence checks to ensure computational efficiency.