Simulation Program for DOA Estimation Using ESPRIT Algorithm on Uniform Linear Array

This article presents a comprehensive implementation of the ESPRIT algorithm for Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation using uniform linear arrays. ESPRIT (Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques) is a high-precision DOA estimation algorithm that efficiently calculates signal incidence angles through signal sampling and processing. The MATLAB-based simulation program developed in this study evaluates the performance of ESPRIT algorithm for directional estimation in uniform linear array configurations.

The simulation program covers the following key components:

- Signal model establishment: Creating mathematical models for incoming signals and array response using matrix operations and steering vectors

- Sampling and quantization: Implementing signal sampling techniques with proper anti-aliasing considerations and quantization effects analysis

- ESPRIT algorithm implementation: Coding the core algorithm involving covariance matrix calculation, eigenvalue decomposition, and rotational invariance property utilization

- Direction estimation performance evaluation: Analyzing estimation accuracy through metrics like RMSE and implementing Monte Carlo simulations for statistical validation

Through this implementation, readers will understand the fundamental principles of ESPRIT algorithm and learn how to develop simulation programs for DOA estimation in MATLAB. The article also demonstrates the performance characteristics of ESPRIT algorithm in uniform linear arrays and provides insights into optimizing sampling parameters and algorithm configurations to enhance estimation accuracy and stability. Key MATLAB functions such as eig(), svd(), and array manipulation techniques will be discussed to ensure practical implementation understanding.