MATLAB Implementation of a License Plate Localization Algorithm Based on Color Components

This article introduces a MATLAB implementation of a license plate localization algorithm based on color components. The algorithm begins by extracting color information from input images, where color separation techniques (such as HSV color space conversion and component thresholding) and binarization processing are applied to identify potential license plate regions. Subsequently, morphological operations (including dilation and erosion using structuring elements) and connected component analysis (implemented through regionprop functions) are employed to refine and precisely determine the license plate location. Finally, perspective transformation (using projective geometry corrections) and character segmentation (through vertical/horizontal projection methods) are performed on the localized plate region to extract numerical and alphabetical information from the license plate. This color-component-based license plate localization algorithm implemented in MATLAB demonstrates characteristics of simplicity, rapid processing, and high efficiency, and has been widely applied and validated in practical scenarios. The implementation typically utilizes MATLAB's Image Processing Toolbox functions like imbinarize, imopen, and regionprops for efficient image analysis.